Short note on Census of India
In this post we have provided some important notes / points on Census of India, Important Questions related to Census of India, History of Census of India, Population Census of India, Economic Census of India, Mascot of Census, Slogan of Census. By studying this you can increase your knowledge. (Best of Luck)
Census is an enumeration (गिनना) of people, firms, houses, and other important items in a country or region at a particular time. Especially the term Census usually refers to a population census. Census collect the statistical information of different fields like what kinds of people a country has, how they live, what they possess, how their economy functions, and much more.
The Indian Census is the largest single source of a variety of statistical information on different characteristics of the people of India. Now the Census is conducted by the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India which is under the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. All the censuses conducted since 1951 all were under the 1948 Census of India Act. The last census in India was held in 2011, the next Indian Census will be held in 2021.
The Census taken on 2011 is the 15th Indian Census in which attempted to estimate the population based on Socio-Economic and Caste Status which is for the first time since 1931. The next Census will be held in 2021. The 2021 Census of India will be the 16th Indian Census.
- But if we count the 2021 Census of India from the independence it is 8th Indian Census after Independence.
History Of Census In India
The History of Census began with 1800 when England had begun its Census but the population of dependencies was not known at that time. In its continuation, based on this methodology census was conducted in town of Allahabad in 1824 and in the city of Banaras in the year 1827-28 by James Prinsep. by Henry Walter in Dacca the first complete census of an Indian city was conducted in 1830. In this Census the statistics of Population with sex and broad age group and also the houses with their amenities were collected. Second Census was conducted by Fort St.Georgein 1836-37. In 1849 Government of India ordered Local Government to conduct quinquennial returns of population. As a result a system of periodical stock taking of people was inaugurated in Madras which was continued till the imperial census was ordered. These returns were taken during the official years 1851-52, 1856-57, 1861- 62 and 1866-67 respectively. The Census in North Western provinces took place in 1852, which was regular house to house numbering of all the people in the province at the night of 31st December 1852. The quinquennial Census of 1866-67 was merged in the imperial census of 1871.
The first census in India in modern times was conducted in 1872 by Lord Mayo which was not regular. (1st) First Regular Census was started in 1881 by Lord Rippon. Since then, a population census has been carried out every 10 years. The latest census commenced on 1 May 2010. It will create a National Population Register with photographs and fingerprints of every resident. All usual residents of India will also be provided with their Unique ID numbers and National Identity Cards. The census is carried out by the office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India, Delhi, which is an office under the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India, under the 1948 Census of India Act. The act gives Central Government many powers like to notify a date for Census, power to ask for the services of any citizen for census work. The law makes it compulsory for every citizen to answer the census questions truthfully. The Act provides penalties for giving false answers or not giving answers at all to the census questionnaire. One of the most important provisions of law is the guarantee for the maintenance of secrecy of the information collected at the census of each individual. The census records are not open to inspection and also not admissible in evidence.
The year 1872 has been popularly labeled as the first population census of India which is run by Lord Mayo but this is not regular ( अनियमित) that means the census was not fixed at what interval it will conducted.
How census is conducted
The census is conducted in two phases which are described below -
First Phase - house listing and house numbering phase and second, the actual population enumeration phase. The census is carried out by the canvassing method. In this method, each and every household is visited and the information is collected by specially trained enumerator ( गिननेवाला/ गणनाकार / प्रगणक ). They collect data related to households e.g. number of members, water & electricity supply, ownership of land, vehicles, computers and other assets and services.
Second Phase - total population is counted and statistics related to individuals are collected.
Who Carried out the Census in India
The Census of India is carried out by Commissioners from 1881 Census to 1941 Census and thereafter the census is carried out by the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India from 1949 onwards.
Census of India 2021 / 2021 Census of India
Minister of state for home affairs Nityanand Rai launched the mascot for 'Census of India 2021'. The Mascot of the Census 2021 is Female Enumerator. The Union Cabinet, chaired by the Prime Minister Narendra Damodar Das Modi, had earlier approved the proposal for conducting Census of India in 2021 at a cost of Rs.8754.23 crore and updation of National Population Register (NPR) at a cost of Rs.3941.35 crore. Census of India will cover the entire population in the country while NPR will also cover all the population except in the state of Assam.
National Population Register (NPR) will be linked to this census with preparations beginning from April 2020. NPR will be conducted along with the first phase of Census between April to September 2020.
How 2021 Census of India will Conduct
In April 2019, a data user conference was held and it was announced that 330,000 enumerators will be enlisted and that they would be encouraged to use their own smart phones (App will be provided), although a paper option will also be available, which the enumerators will then need to submit electronically. It was further announced that house listing will be conducted between April and September 2020, with actual enumeration in February 2021 and a revision round in March. The reference date will be 1 March 2021 in most of the country and 1 October 2020 for Jammu and Kashmir and some areas of Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand.
The (1st) first census in the world conducted after the American Revolution was taken in 1790, under Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson.
Some Important questions related to the Census of India
Q-1. What is the Mascot of 2021 Census of India ?
Ans. Female Enumerator (महिला एन्यूमरेटर)
Q-2. What is the theme of Census 2021 of India ?
Ans. Public welfare by public participation or जनभागीदारी से जनकल्याण
Q-3. What is the number of 2021 Census of India from Independence ?
Ans. 8th Number
Q-4. Who is the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India for 2021 Census ?
Ans. Bibek Jyosi (बिबेक ज्योसी)
Q-5. In How many language the Census 2021 of India will be conducted ?
Ans. In 16 languages
Q-6. In What medium the Census 2021 will be operated for first time ?
Ans. Mobile App ( मोबाइल एप्लिकेशन)
Q-7. In the 16th Census how many questions are asked to every family to get information about the economic and social status ?
Ans. 31 questions
Q-8. Under the rule of which British ruler in 1872 in India the first Census occurred ?
Ans. Lord Mayo
Q-9. Under the rule of which British ruler in 1881 in India the first regular Census occurred ?
Ans. Lord Rippon
Q-10. At what interval the Census occurred ?
Ans. 10 years
Q-11. What is the total population of the country as per the 2011 Census ?
Ans. 120 Crore
Q-12. When did the first time Socio-Economic and Caste Status Census held in India ?
Ans. 2011 Census
Q-13. Enumeration of which Caste newly added to the Census 2021 ?
Ans. OBC
Q-14. What is the number of 2011 Census ?
Ans. 15th
* if it will asked that what is the number of 2011 since independence the answer will be the 7th number. (Remember it).
Q-15. What is the number of 2021 Census ?
Ans. 16th
The Study of Population is called as -
Ans. Demography
· Population Trend in India
1) 1891 – 1921 Period of Stagnant population
2) 1921 – 1951 Period of Steady Growth
3) 1951 – 1981 period of high growth
4) 1981 – 2011 period of declining rate
5) The year 1921 is known as the year of Great Divide.
Q-15. Which of the following is the state has negative population growth is according to Census 2011 ?
-
Manipur b) Meghalaya (c) Nagaland (d) Goa
Ans. c) Nagaland
Q-16. According to the Census 2011, which union terorrity has the lowest population growth rate ?
a) Delhi (b) Lakshadweep (c) Chandigarh (d) Andaman and Nicobar
Ans. b) Lakshadweep
Q- 17. As per the 2011 Census, the state in India with the highest urban population ?
a) Maharashtra (b) Haryana (c) Punjab (d) Uttar Pradesh
Ans. b) Lakshadweep
· What do you mean by Urban Area ?
Urban area means the minimum population will be 5000 and also 400 people in 1 square kilometer.
Q- 18. How many districts covered in 2011 Census ?
a) 645 (b) 640 (c) 635(d) 650
Ans. b) 640
Q- 19. As per the Census 2011 which district has the highest population and Which has the lowest population?
Ans. Highest – Thane, Maharashtra
Lowest - Dibang Valley, Arunachal Pradesh
Q- 20. Which district has the highest decdal growth in the last 10 year as per Census 2011?
Ans. Highest decdal growth – Longlang, Nagaland
Q- 21. As per the 2011 Census, What is the literacy rate among Indians ?
Ans. 74.04% ( Male Literacy rate – 82.14% , Female literacy rate – 65.46% )
Q- 22. As per the 2011 Census, which state / Union Terrority has the highest increase in Literacy rate ?
Ans. If we considered as state answer will be – Bihar
if we considered as Union Terrority answer will be – Dadra Nagar Haveli
Q- 23. The National Commision of population is headed by ?
Ans. Prime Minister
Q- 24. The first ever Census in modern human history was conducted by ?
a) United Kingdom (b) Japan (c) India (d) America
Ans. America
Q- 25. Prior to 2011 the caste Census was last conducted in the year ?
a) 1911 (b) 1921 (c) 1931 (d) 1951
Ans. 1931
Q- 26. The First Registrar General and Census Commissioner of Independent India was ?
Ans. N W M Yeatts
Q- 27. Which state has the highest population as per the Census 2011 ?
Ans. Uttar Pradesh
· The decreasing order of population is –
Uttar Pradesh > Maharashtra > Bihar > West Bengal
Q- 28. Which state has the lowest population as per the Census 2011 ?
Ans. Sikkim (if asked 2nd lowest answer will be Mizoram)
Q- 29. Which state has the highest literacy rate as per the Census 2011 ?
Ans. Kerela (93.41%)
Top 5 states having Literacy rate -
Kerela (93.41) > Lakshadweep (92.28) > Mizoram (91.58) > Tripura (87.75) > Goa (87.40)
Q- 30. Which state has the lowest literacy rate as per the Census 2011 ?
Ans. Bihar (63.82%)
Bottom 5 states having Literacy rate -
Bihar (63.82) > Arunachal Pradesh (66.95) > Rajasthan (67.06) > Jharkhand (67.63)
Q- 31. Number of villages covered in 2011 Census of India ?
Ans. 6,40,867 villages in 640 districts
Q- 32. According to 2011 Census, Urban Population in India comprises of ?
Ans. 31.36%
Q- 33. Women to men ratio in India as per 2011 Census ?
Ans. 940 : 1000
Q- 33. Which state has the highest Women to men ratio in India as per 2011 Census ?
Ans. Kerela ( 1084 : 1000 )
Q- 34. Which state has the lowest Women to men ratio in India as per 2011 Census ?
Ans. Daman and Diu ( 618 : 1000 )
Q- 35. Which district has the highest Women to men ratio in India as per 2011 Census ?
Ans. Mahe, Puducherry ( 1176 : 1000)
Q- 36. Which district has the highest Women to men ratio in India as per 2011 Census ?
Ans. Daman, Daman and Diu ( 513 : 1000)
Q- 37. In Which of the following only decade, India’s Population had shown negative growth ?
(a) 1921- 1931 (b) 1931- 1941 (c) 1911- 1921 (d) 1901-11
Ans. (c) 1911-1921
Q- 38. As per the Census 2011, population in the age group 0-6 years in India’s total Population ?
Ans. 13.12 %
Q- 39. India has what percentage of the world’s geographical area and which percentage of the world population ?
Ans. 2.4 , 17.64
Q- 40. What was the estimated cost of Census 2011 ?
Ans. 2200 Crore Rupees
Q- 41. Which year is known as the year of great of divide ?
Ans. 1921
Q- 42. When was the first census of economic conducted in india ?
Ans. 1977 (The first economic census conducted in 1977 in India)
· Central Statistical Organisation conducted First economic census in 1977 in collaboration with the Directorate of Economics & Statistics (DES) in the States/Union Territories.
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