Notes on
National Highways of India
Notes on Road System of India, notes on Transport system of India. National highway notes, India has the 2nd largest road network in the world spreading over 4.24 million kms at present, consisting of national highways(NH), expressways, state highways(SH), district roads and village roads. The total length of NH (including expressways) in the country at present is 93,051 km. While highways constitute only about 2.7% of the length of all roads, they carry about 40% of the road traffic.
The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) was constituted by an act of Parliament, the National Highways Authority of India Act,1988. It is responsible for the development, maintenance and management of National Highways entrusted to it and for matters connected. The Authority was operationalized in Feb 1995.
- National Highways Authority of India formed in 1988.
- Headquarter of National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) is in New Delhi.
- National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) is an Autonomous government agency.
- NHAI has signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with the Indian Space Research Organisation for satellite mapping of highways.
The National Highways Development Project (NHDP) is a major effort to expand and upgrade the network of highways. NHAI often uses a public-private partnership model for highway development, maintenance, and toll-collection. The NHDP (National Highway Development Project) is currently operating in three phases: The Golden Quadrilateral, North-South East-West Corridor, and other minor port connectivity projects.
The Golden Quadrilateral (5,846 km) connects four major cities: Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, and Kolkata.
New Numbering System
In March 2010, Government of India issued a new list of numbered routes with rationalized and systematic numbering. The odd numbered routes are drawn horizontally, with numbers increasing from western to eastern parts of India. The even numbered routes are, similarly, drawn vertically going north to south, with numbers increasing from eastern to western parts of India.How Indian Highways are numbered
1. All North-South highways will carry EVEN number2. All East-West highways will have ODD numbers.
3. All major Highways will be single digit or double digit in number.
4. Three digit numbered highways are secondary routes or branches of a main highway. For example, 144, 244, 344 etc will be the branches of the main National highway 44.
5.Suffixes A, B, C, D etc are added to the three digit sub highways to indicate very small spin-offs or stretches of sub-highways. For example, 966A, 527B etc.
The National Highway Connect different states across the India. The following list shows which highway connect to which state or move through-
National Highways | Routes Passing through |
NH 1 | Delhi-Ambala-Jalandhar-Amritsar-Indo-Pak Border |
NH 1A | Jalandhar-Madhopur-Jammu-Banihal-Srinagar-Baramula-Uri (Only highway passing through Jawahar Tunnel) |
NH 1B | Batote-Doda-Kishtwar-Sinthan pass – Khanabal |
NH 1C | Domel to Katra |
NH 1D | Srinagar-Kargil-Leh |
NH 2 | Delhi-Mathura-Agra-Kanpur-Allahabad-Varanasi-Mohania-Barhi Palsit-Baidyabati-Bara-Calcutta |
NH 2A | Sikandra to Bhognipur |
NH 2B | Burdwan – Bolpur road (via Talit, Guskara and Bhedia) |
NH 3 | Agra-Gwalior-Shivpuri-Indore-Dhule-Nasik-Thane-Mumbai |
NH 4 | Junction with National Highways No. 3 near Thane-Pune Belgaum-Hubli-Bangalore-Ranipet-Chennai |
NH 4A | Belgaum-Anmod-Ponda-Panaji |
NH 4B | Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust near Km 109-Palaspe |
NH 5 | Junction with National Highways No. 6 near Baharagora-Cuttack Bhubaneshwar-Visakhapatnam -Vijayawada-Chennai |
NH16 (NH5) | Chennai to Kolkata (Previously known as NH5) |
NH 5A | Junction with National Highway No. 5 near Haridaspur-Paradip Port |
NH 6 | Hajira-Dhule-Nagpur-Raipur-Sambalpur-Baharagora-Calcutta [2nd longest highway] |
NH 44 (NH 7) | Varanasi-Mangawan-Rewa-Jabalpur-Lakhnadon-Nagpur-Hyderabad-Kurnool-Bangalore-Krishnagiri-Salem-Dindigul-Madurai-Cape-Kanyakumari. |
NH 7A | Palayamkottai-Tuticorin Port |
NH 8 | Delhi-Jaipur-Ajmer-Udaipur-Ahmedabad-Vadodara-Mumbai |
NH 8A | Ahmedabad-Limbdi-Morvi-Kandla-Mandvi-Vikhari-Kothra-Naliya Narayan Sarovar |
NH 8B | Bamanbore-Rajkot-Porbandar |
NH 8C | Chiloda to Sarkhej |
NH 8D | Chiloda-Gandhinagar-Sarkhej |
NH 8E | Somnath to Bhavnagar |
NH 9 | Pune-Sholapur-Hyderabad-Vijayawada-Machilipatnam |
NH 10 | Delhi-Fazilka-Indo Pak Border |
NH 11 | Agra-Jaipur-Bikaner |
NH 11A | Manoharpur-Dausa-Lalsot-Kothum |
NH 12 | Jabalpur-Bhopal-Khilchipur-Aklera-Jhalawar-Kota-Bundi-Deoli Tonk-Jaipur |
NH15 | Hazira to Pathankot (Only Highway passing to Thar desert) |
NH17 | Mumbai to Kochi |
NH 18 | Junction with NH 7 near Kurnool and Nandyal to Cuddapah and Junction with NH 4 near Chittoor |
NH 19 | Ghazipur-Balia-Patna |
NH 20 | Pathankot -Mandi |
NH 21 | Junction with National Highway No. 22 near Chandigarh-Ropar-Bilaspur-Mandi-Kullu-Manali |
NH 22 | Ambala to Indo China Border near Shipkila |
NH 23 | Chas-Ranchi-Rourkela-Talcher- Junction with National Highway No. 42 |
NH 24 | Delhi- Bareilly-Lucknow |
NH 27 | Allahabad to Mangawan |
NH 29 | Gorakhpur to Varanasi |
NH 30 | Junction with NH 2 near Mohania and Patna to Bakhtiyarpur |
NH 35 | Barasat to Petrapole on India and Bangladesh border (NH-39 is called as “Lifeline of Myanmar”) |
NH 39 | Numaligarh to Palel and Indo Burma Border |
NH 47 | Salem to Kanyakumari |
NH 47A | Junction with NH 47 at Kundanoor to Willington Island in Kochi (Kerala, Shortest National Highway of length 6 km) |
NH 47C | Junction with NH 47 at Kalamassery to Vallarpadam ICTT in Kochi |
NH 55 | Siliguri to Darjeeling |
NH 56 | Lucknow to Varanasi |
NH 58 | Delhi to Mana Pass |
NH 79 | Ajmer-Nasirabad-MP border |
NH 151 | Karimganj – Bangladesh Border |
NH 152 | Patacharkuchi-Bhutan border |
NH 153 | Ledo – Lekhapani – Indo / Myanmar – Border |
NH 233 | The highway starting from India/Nepal border (connecting to Lumbini) via Naugarh, Siddharthnagar, Bansi, Basti, Tanda, Azamgarh and terminating at Varans |
- Out of the above National Highway the North-South National Highway. ie., NH 44 (NH7) is the longest national highway in India running 3806 km from Srinagar to Kanyakumari.
- Out of the above National Highway NH 47A is the shortest National Highway in India running 6 KM from Kundanoor to Willington Island in Kochi (Kerela).
The National Highway routes usually range from North-South & East-West.
The first National Highway in India is NH-1. It links the National capital Delhi to Attari in Punjab near Indo-Pak Border.
Milestones
Milestones play a significant role too. They help distinguish a national highway from a city highway or a state highway based on specifications given below:- National: Yellow and white
- State: Green and white.
- City: Black and white
- Village: Orange and white
National Green Highways Program
This “green highways policy” approved by road ministry sets aside one per cent of the civil cost of national highway development projects for the planting of trees in a planned manner, covering both existing NH sections and new routes that would be added to the network.The road ministry has finalised a “green highways” policy to “tree-line” 140,000 kilometers of national highways. Under this policy, one per cent of the civil cost of national highway development projects will have to be set aside for the planting of trees in a planned manner, covering both existing NH sections and new routes that would be added to the network. The Ministry of Road Transport & Highways (MoRTH) has formulated the new Green Highways (Plantation and Maintenance) Policy, 2015 after a series of reviews, which raised concerns about the poor quality and lack of maintenance of green cover along most national highways.
FASTag
Now a days digital payments are also accepted in toll of National Highways. So in order to reduce vehicular traffic at the toll plazas, the Government of India (GOI) has mandated all toll plazas, pan India, to make toll payments electronic. With this mandate, all vehicles travelling through toll plazas will have to mandatorily pay toll charges using FASTag.making toll payments directly from the prepaid or savings account linked to it and is affixed on the windscreen of the vehicle and enables the commuter to drive through toll plazas, without stopping for cash transactions.FASTag is a simple to use, reloadable tag which enables automatic deduction of toll charges and lets you pass through the toll plaza without stopping for the cash transaction. FASTag is linked to a prepaid account from which the applicable toll amount is deducted. The tag employs Radio-frequency Identification technology (RFID) and is affixed on the vehicle's windscreen after the tag account is active.
FASTag is a perfect solution for a hassle free trip on national highways. FASTag is presently operational at 407 toll plazas across national and state highways. More toll plazas will be brought under the FASTag program in the future.
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